共富计划

Therefore, laws and regulations should be established which would permit the workmen to receive from the factory owner their wages and a share . . . of the profits, or in some other way the body of workmen and the manufacturers should share equitably the profits and advantages . . . It would be well . . . that laws be established, giving moderate profits to manufacturers, and to workmen the necessary means of existence and security for the future. Thus, when they become feeble and cease working, get old and helpless, and die leaving children under age, these children will not be annihilated by excess of poverty. And it is from the income of the factory itself, to which they have a right, that they will derive a little of the means of existence. ——Abdu’l-Baha.. 

因此，政府应拟定法律条规，让工人从业主那里领取他们的薪酬之外，还可以分享工厂的利润，或者作另一种安排，厂主和工人均分工厂的利润和利益……如能明文规定则更好……厂主领取适当的部分，工人的部分则必须足够于应付生活的基本需求和未来的保障。当他们年老力衰不能工作、或失去了工作能力、或死了留下幼儿的时候，仍有持续的收入。这样，他们的儿童可以避免受贫穷所累，得以健康成长。他们在工厂里有一定的权利，依赖工厂的收入继续过活。——阿博都-巴哈。

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Now, if his income be equal to his expenditures, from such a farmer nothing whatever will be taken. That is, he will not be subjected to taxation of any sort needing as he does all his income. Another farmer may have expenses running up to one thousand dollars we will say, and his income is two thousand dollars. From such an one a tenth will be required, because he has a surplus. But if his income be ten thousand dollars and his expenses one thousand dollars or his income twenty thousand dollars he will have to pay as taxes one fourth. If his income be one hundred thousand dollars and his expenses five thousand, one third will he have to pay because he has still a surplus since his expenses are five thousand and his income one hundred thousand. If he pays, say, thirty five thousand dollars, in addition to the expenditure of five thousand he still has sixty thousand left. But lf his expenses be ten thousand and his income two hundred thousand, then he must give an even half because ninety thousand will be in that case the sum remaining. Such a scale as this will determine allotment of taxes  ——Abdu’l-Baha..

假如一个农人的收入和开销相等，那么不要拿掉他任何的东西。也就是说，他无须缴交税务。另一个农民的开销假设是1千元，收入2千元，他因有盈余，必须交出十分之一。假如他的收入是1万或2万元，开销1千元，他要交出四分之一。假如他的收入10万元，开销5千元，必须交三分之一，因为他还了税之后尚有盈余。假如他付出3万5千元，加上5千元开销，仍有盈余6万元。假如他的收入是20万元，开销1万元，他可能要付出二分之一，因为他有9万元的剩余。税务要以这样的比例来计算。——阿博都-巴哈。

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Baha’u’llah states that a person should be free to dispose of his possessions during his life time in any way he chooses, and it is incumbent on everyone to write a will stating how his property is to be disposed of after his death. When a person dies without leaving a will, the value of the property should be estimated and divided in certain stated proportions among seven classes of inheritors, namely, children, wife or husband, father, mother, brothers, sisters, and teachers, the share of each diminishing from the first to the last. In the absence of one or more of these classes the share which would belong to them goes to the public treasury . 

巴哈欧拉说，一个人在其有生之年，可以选择任何方式处置他的财产。每个人都必须写一分遗嘱，说明他死后财产要如何处置。假如一个人死后没有留下遗嘱，他的财产估算后，将以特定的比例分配给7种继承人，即儿女、妻子或丈夫、父亲、母亲、兄弟、姐妹、老师。所得的比例根据这个排列递减。假如其中一个环节的继承人空缺，这部分的遗产移交公共财政。

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There is nothing in the law of Baha’u’llah to prevent a man from leaving all his property to one individual if he pleases, but Baha’is will naturally be influenced, in making their wills, by the model Baha’u’llah has laid down for the case of intestate estates, which ensures distribution of the property among a considerable number of heirs. 

巴哈欧拉的律法没有限制人们将全部财产留给一个人，然而巴哈伊立遗嘱时往往受到巴哈欧拉的7种继承人的影响，考虑遗属当中大部分获得分配。

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